Short answer

When designing pilgrimage or heritage routes, integrate elements that cater to both spiritual reflection and recreational enjoyment, and ensure varied visual experiences are available along the path.

Field
Classic Design
Source
PLoS ONE (2024)
Method
Mixed-methods research
Evidence
Moderate effect

The design of pilgrimage routes should consider a blend of spiritual and recreational motivations to maximize visitor engagement with landscape elements. This classic design research insight is drawn from a 2024 study published in PLoS ONE. Using Mixed-methods research, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: When designing pilgrimage or heritage routes, integrate elements that cater to both spiritual reflection and recreational enjoyment, and ensure varied visual experiences are available along the path.

Study
Classic DesignRecentModerate effect

Pilgrimage routes designed for spiritual and recreational journeys elicit stronger landscape preferences.

The design of pilgrimage routes should consider a blend of spiritual and recreational motivations to maximize visitor engagement with landscape elements.

PLoS ONE · 2024

01

Key Findings

  • 01Visitors generally preferred vegetative landscapes and religious symbols.
  • 02Visitors preferred to photograph close-up views with cultural and aesthetic significance, particularly in human settlements.
  • 03Different visitor motivation groups (religious, recreational, mixed) exhibited distinct landscape preferences that aligned with their primary travel drivers.
02

Application

Design takeaway

When designing pilgrimage or heritage routes, integrate elements that cater to both spiritual reflection and recreational enjoyment, and ensure varied visual experiences are available along the path.

How to apply

When designing a public path, park, or heritage trail, consider how different user groups might interact with the space and what visual elements they might find most appealing based on their likely motivations.

Project actions

  • 01When researching user needs for a design project, consider the different motivations that might drive people to use the space.
  • 02Think about how visual elements and the journey's progression can be designed to appeal to varied user goals.
03

Method & Evidence

AimHow do visitor motivations (religious, recreational, or mixed) influence their preferences for landscape elements and spatial sequences along a pilgrimage route?
MethodMixed-methods research
ProcedureResearchers used visitor-employed photography to capture landscape preferences along the Mount Miaofeng pilgrimage route. This was supplemented by a questionnaire survey to categorize visitor motivations and gather data on preferences for specific landscape elements (vegetation, religious symbols, mountains, route, human presence, villages, temple fairs, facilities) and spatial sequences (close, middle, remote distances).
ContextReligious tourism destinations, specifically pilgrimage routes.

Variables

IVVisitor motivation (religious, recreational, multiple purposes)
DVLandscape preference (elements and spatial sequences)
CVLocation (Mount Miaofeng pilgrimage route), time of visit, specific landscape elements and spatial sequences identified.
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Utilizes visitor-employed photography, a method that captures authentic user perspectives.
  • +Combines qualitative (photography) and quantitative (questionnaire) data for a comprehensive understanding.

Limitations

The findings are specific to a pilgrimage route in China and may not directly apply to designing a modern urban park or a purely recreational trail.

Reliability & validity

The use of visitor-employed photography and a questionnaire provides some triangulation of data. However, the subjective nature of preference and motivation, and the specific context of a pilgrimage route, may affect generalizability and external validity.

Think critically

How might the 'ideal' design for a pilgrimage route differ from the 'ideal' design for a purely recreational trail, and what specific design elements would need to change to accommodate these differences?

05

Design Principles

"Design for multifaceted user motivations by offering a rich and varied experiential sequence that appeals to different sensory and psychological needs."

Understanding the diverse motivations of users is crucial for designing spaces that resonate with their needs and expectations. This research highlights how tailoring the visual and spatial experience of a route to accommodate different user groups can lead to more successful and appreciated designs.

06

What This Means for Your Design

People like different things on a journey depending on why they are there. For a holy path, some want to see nature and religious items, while others might be there for fun. The design should offer both to make everyone happy.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference this study when discussing user research and how different user needs informed design decisions for a route or public space.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

Research indicates that the design of routes intended for varied purposes, such as pilgrimage, should accommodate diverse user motivations. For instance, a study on the Mount Miaofeng pilgrimage route found that visitors motivated by religious, recreational, or mixed purposes exhibited distinct preferences for landscape elements and spatial sequences, with general preferences for natural scenery and religious symbols, and a tendency to photograph close-up views in human settlements. This suggests that successful design requires integrating elements that appeal to multiple user goals and offering varied experiential sequences.

09

Source

PLoS ONE

The relationship between visitors’ motivation and landscape preference for the pilgrimage route on the Mount Miaofeng, China

journal · 2024

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about pilgrimage routes designed for spiritual and recreational journeys elicit stronger landscape preferences?
When designing pilgrimage or heritage routes, integrate elements that cater to both spiritual reflection and recreational enjoyment, and ensure varied visual experiences are available along the path. Evidence: PLoS ONE (2024).
Why does "Pilgrimage routes designed for spiritual and recreational journeys elicit stronger landscape preferences." matter for design?
Understanding the diverse motivations of users is crucial for designing spaces that resonate with their needs and expectations. This research highlights how tailoring the visual and spatial experience of a route to accommodate different user groups can lead to more successful and appreciated designs.
How can designers apply this research?
When designing pilgrimage or heritage routes, integrate elements that cater to both spiritual reflection and recreational enjoyment, and ensure varied visual experiences are available along the path.
What were the main findings?
Visitors generally preferred vegetative landscapes and religious symbols.. Visitors preferred to photograph close-up views with cultural and aesthetic significance, particularly in human settlements.. Different visitor motivation groups (religious, recreational, mixed) exhibited distinct landscape preferences that aligned with their primary travel drivers.
What research method was used?
Mixed-methods research.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2024 journal from PLoS ONE.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing a public path, park, or heritage trail, consider how different user groups might interact with the space and what visual elements they might find most appealing based on their likely motivations.
What are the limitations?
The study was conducted at a single site in China, potentially limiting the generalizability of findings to other cultural contexts or types of routes.