Short answer

When designing parts with high buy-to-fly ratios, consider WAAM as a potentially more economical manufacturing process than CNC machining.

Field
Modelling
Source
Academic Publication (2012)
Method
Development of a cost estimation model and a comparative analysis.
Evidence
Strong effect

A developed cost estimation model reveals that Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) becomes more economically viable than CNC machining as the buy-to-fly ratio increases. This modelling research insight is drawn from a 2012 study published in Academic Publication. Using Development of a cost estimation model and a comparative analysis., researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: When designing parts with high buy-to-fly ratios, consider WAAM as a potentially more economical manufacturing process than CNC machining.

Study
ModellingHigh ImpactStrong effect

WAAM Cost Estimation Model Outperforms CNC Machining at Higher Buy-to-Fly Ratios

A developed cost estimation model reveals that Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) becomes more economically viable than CNC machining as the buy-to-fly ratio increases.

Academic Publication · 2012

01

Key Findings

  • 01Reduced material cost is the biggest cost driver in WAAM.
  • 02WAAM is more economical than CNC machining with the increase of buy-to-fly ratio.
02

Application

Design takeaway

When designing parts with high buy-to-fly ratios, consider WAAM as a potentially more economical manufacturing process than CNC machining.

How to apply

Use the principles of this cost estimation model to build your own comparative analysis for different manufacturing processes relevant to your design project.

Project actions

  • 01When evaluating manufacturing options, create a spreadsheet to compare costs based on material usage and processing time.
  • 02Investigate the 'buy-to-fly' ratio for your specific design to understand material waste.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo develop a cost estimation method for comparing Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) with CNC machining.
MethodDevelopment of a cost estimation model and a comparative analysis.
ProcedureA cost estimation model for CNC machining was established. A process planning approach for WAAM was defined. An Excel calculation spreadsheet was created to estimate and compare manufacturing costs between WAAM and CNC. Cost driver analysis for WAAM was performed, and a cost comparison between WAAM and CNC was conducted.
ContextAdditive Manufacturing (WAAM) vs. Traditional Machining (CNC)

Variables

IVBuy-to-fly ratio
DVManufacturing cost comparison (WAAM vs. CNC)
CV["Material type","Machine efficiency","Labor costs (implied)"]
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Provides a quantitative method for cost comparison.
  • +Identifies key cost drivers for WAAM.

Limitations

The cost model might not account for all factors, such as post-processing, machine setup times, or specific material properties.

Reliability & validity

The reliability and validity of the cost model depend on the accuracy of the input data (material costs, machine parameters, labor rates) and the completeness of the cost factors considered.

Think critically

How might advancements in WAAM technology or changes in material pricing affect the cost-effectiveness comparison with CNC machining in the future?

05

Design Principles

"Optimize manufacturing process selection based on material utilization and part complexity to achieve cost-effectiveness."

Understanding the cost drivers and comparative economics of different manufacturing processes is crucial for informed design and production decisions. This insight allows designers and engineers to select the most cost-effective manufacturing method based on material usage and part complexity, potentially leading to significant cost savings in product development.

06

What This Means for Your Design

This study shows that a 3D printing method called WAAM can be cheaper than traditional machining (CNC) when you need to remove a lot of material from a block to make your part.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference this study when discussing the economic feasibility of different manufacturing methods for your design project.
  • 2.Use the concept of cost modelling to justify your chosen manufacturing process.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

The economic viability of manufacturing processes is a critical consideration in design. Research by Zhai (2012) highlights that Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) can be more cost-effective than traditional CNC machining, particularly for components with high buy-to-fly ratios, due to significant material savings. This suggests that for designs requiring substantial material removal, exploring WAAM could lead to considerable cost reductions.

09

Source

Academic Publication

Early cost estimation for additive manufacture

journal · 2012

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about waam cost estimation model outperforms cnc machining at higher buy-to-fly ratios?
When designing parts with high buy-to-fly ratios, consider WAAM as a potentially more economical manufacturing process than CNC machining. Evidence: Academic Publication (2012).
Why does "WAAM Cost Estimation Model Outperforms CNC Machining at Higher Buy-to-Fly Ratios" matter for design?
Understanding the cost drivers and comparative economics of different manufacturing processes is crucial for informed design and production decisions. This insight allows designers and engineers to select the most cost-effective manufacturing method based on material usage and part complexity, potentially leading to significant cost savings in product development.
How can designers apply this research?
When designing parts with high buy-to-fly ratios, consider WAAM as a potentially more economical manufacturing process than CNC machining.
What were the main findings?
Reduced material cost is the biggest cost driver in WAAM.. WAAM is more economical than CNC machining with the increase of buy-to-fly ratio.
What research method was used?
Development of a cost estimation model and a comparative analysis..
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2012 journal from Academic Publication.
What should I do differently in my next project?
Use the principles of this cost estimation model to build your own comparative analysis for different manufacturing processes relevant to your design project.
What are the limitations?
The study's findings are specific to the developed model and may vary with different WAAM or CNC parameters, material costs, and labor rates.