Short answer

Designers should focus on creating user-centred frameworks for open disclosure that are practical, evidence-informed, and address the concerns and experiences of both patients and healthcare providers.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
Health Services and Delivery Research (2014)
Method
Mixed-methods research, including systematic literature reviews and qualitative stakeholder interviews.
Sample
610 papers for the broad review; 11 papers for the focused review. Specific number of stakeholder interviews not provided.
Evidence
Moderate effect

Implementing open disclosure of adverse events in healthcare settings is complex, with a significant disconnect between existing policy guidance and actual practice, often relying on expert consensus rather than robust evidence. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2014 study published in Health Services and Delivery Research. Using Mixed-methods research, including systematic literature reviews and qualitative stakeholder interviews. with 610 papers for the broad review; 11 papers for the focused review. Specific number of stakeholder interviews not provided., researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Designers should focus on creating user-centred frameworks for open disclosure that are practical, evidence-informed, and address the concerns and experiences of both patients and healthcare providers.

Study
User-Centred DesignHigh ImpactModerate effect

Open Disclosure of Adverse Events: Bridging the Gap Between Policy and Practice

Implementing open disclosure of adverse events in healthcare settings is complex, with a significant disconnect between existing policy guidance and actual practice, often relying on expert consensus rather than robust evidence.

Health Services and Delivery Research · 2014

01

Key Findings

  • 01A large body of literature exists on open disclosure, but often from conflicting perspectives.
  • 02Current practice is largely based on expert consensus rather than empirical evidence.
  • 03There is little evidence for the effectiveness of disclosure alone or interventions to promote it.
  • 04A tension exists between pragmatic guidance and deeper critiques of transparency in healthcare.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Designers should focus on creating user-centred frameworks for open disclosure that are practical, evidence-informed, and address the concerns and experiences of both patients and healthcare providers.

How to apply

When designing communication strategies or support tools for adverse event reporting in any high-stakes environment, prioritize user research to understand current practices, identify barriers, and co-create solutions with all involved parties.

Project actions

  • 01When researching a design problem, look for evidence of what works, not just what people say should work.
  • 02Consider the practical challenges of implementing your design in a real-world setting.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo critically evaluate and extend the evidence base for open disclosure of adverse events in the UK's National Health Service (NHS) to support policy implementation.
MethodMixed-methods research, including systematic literature reviews and qualitative stakeholder interviews.
ProcedureThe research involved two systematic literature reviews to summarise empirical research on interventions to enhance open disclosure and to review current opinion and practice. This was followed by primary qualitative research involving interviews with UK-based stakeholders to understand their views and experiences of open disclosure. Findings were synthesized to develop pragmatic suggestions for NHS trust management.
Sample610 papers for the broad review; 11 papers for the focused review. Specific number of stakeholder interviews not provided.
ContextHealthcare (NHS in the UK)

Variables

IVImplementation of open disclosure policies.
DVEffectiveness of interventions to enhance open disclosure; stakeholder views and experiences.
CVUK National Health Service context.
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Combines systematic review with primary qualitative data.
  • +Focuses on a critical area of healthcare practice.

Limitations

The study focuses on the UK healthcare system, so findings may not directly translate to other contexts without adaptation.

Reliability & validity

The systematic reviews aim for reliability through rigorous search and selection criteria. The qualitative interviews' validity would depend on thorough data analysis and triangulation of findings.

Think critically

How can design interventions bridge the gap between mandated policies for open disclosure and the actual, often hesitant, implementation by healthcare professionals?

05

Design Principles

"Evidence-informed design for complex socio-technical systems requires a deep understanding of stakeholder perspectives and practical implementation challenges."

Understanding the challenges in implementing open disclosure is crucial for designing effective communication strategies and support systems in healthcare. This research highlights the need for user-centred approaches that consider the perspectives of all stakeholders involved in adverse event reporting and resolution.

06

What This Means for Your Design

It's hard to get people to openly talk about mistakes in hospitals, even when there are rules for it. We don't have much proof that the ways we try to get them to talk actually work, and a lot of what happens is just based on what experts think is best.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this study to justify the need for user research in your design project, especially when dealing with sensitive communication or reporting systems.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

This research highlights the significant challenges in implementing open disclosure of adverse events within healthcare systems, noting a substantial gap between policy and actual practice. The study's findings, derived from systematic reviews and qualitative interviews, indicate that current approaches often rely on expert consensus rather than empirical evidence of effectiveness. This underscores the critical need for user-centred design approaches that actively address practical implementation barriers and stakeholder perspectives when developing communication and reporting systems.

09

Source

Health Services and Delivery Research

An exploration of the implementation of open disclosure of adverse events in the UK: a scoping review and qualitative exploration

journal · 2014

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about open disclosure of adverse events: bridging the gap between policy and practice?
Designers should focus on creating user-centred frameworks for open disclosure that are practical, evidence-informed, and address the concerns and experiences of both patients and healthcare providers. Evidence: Health Services and Delivery Research (2014).
Why does "Open Disclosure of Adverse Events: Bridging the Gap Between Policy and Practice" matter for design?
Understanding the challenges in implementing open disclosure is crucial for designing effective communication strategies and support systems in healthcare. This research highlights the need for user-centred approaches that consider the perspectives of all stakeholders involved in adverse event reporting and resolution.
How can designers apply this research?
Designers should focus on creating user-centred frameworks for open disclosure that are practical, evidence-informed, and address the concerns and experiences of both patients and healthcare providers.
What were the main findings?
A large body of literature exists on open disclosure, but often from conflicting perspectives.. Current practice is largely based on expert consensus rather than empirical evidence.. There is little evidence for the effectiveness of disclosure alone or interventions to promote it.. A tension exists between pragmatic guidance and deeper critiques of transparency in healthcare.
What research method was used?
Mixed-methods research, including systematic literature reviews and qualitative stakeholder interviews. with 610 papers for the broad review; 11 papers for the focused review. Specific number of stakeholder interviews not provided..
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2014 journal from Health Services and Delivery Research.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing communication strategies or support tools for adverse event reporting in any high-stakes environment, prioritize user research to understand current practices, identify barriers, and co-create solutions with all involved parties.
What are the limitations?
Limited evidence for the effectiveness of disclosure interventions; reliance on expert consensus for current practices.