Short answer

Instead of rigidly defining a product's function, consider designing for open interpretation to allow users to discover and develop their own unique uses.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (2019)
Method
Practice-based analysis of qualitative interviews and logged data.
Sample
23 participants
Evidence
Moderate effect

Designing with purposeful ambiguity in biodata visualization can lead users to develop varied and personal applications of the technology, moving beyond initial developer intent. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2019 study published in ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction. Using Practice-based analysis of qualitative interviews and logged data. with 23 participants, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Instead of rigidly defining a product's function, consider designing for open interpretation to allow users to discover and develop their own unique uses.

Study
User-Centred DesignHigh ImpactModerate effect

Ambiguous biodata visualizations foster diverse user interpretations and emergent practices.

Designing with purposeful ambiguity in biodata visualization can lead users to develop varied and personal applications of the technology, moving beyond initial developer intent.

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · 2019

01

Key Findings

  • 01Users interpreted the ambiguous biodata visualizations in multiple, sometimes conflicting, ways.
  • 02Emergent 'proto-practices' included stress management, sports performance enhancement, emotion tracking, life logging, personality representation, and behavior change.
  • 03A balance of openness and scaffolding is needed to support the development of practices around biodata.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Instead of rigidly defining a product's function, consider designing for open interpretation to allow users to discover and develop their own unique uses.

How to apply

When designing interfaces for personal data, consider using abstract or evocative visual metaphors that do not prescribe a single meaning, and observe how users naturally adopt and adapt the tool.

Project actions

  • 01Consider how abstract or metaphorical representations of data could be more engaging than direct readouts.
  • 02Plan for iterative design, allowing user feedback to shape the product's direction after initial release.
03

Method & Evidence

AimCan purposefully ambiguous visualizations of biodata support the emergence of diverse user-driven practices?
MethodPractice-based analysis of qualitative interviews and logged data.
ProcedureParticipants used a mobile application that visualized their skin conductance through ambiguous graphical representations for one month. Weekly interviews were conducted to understand their interpretations and emergent uses of the system.
Sample23 participants
ContextMobile application design, biodata visualization, human-computer interaction.

Variables

IVAmbiguity in biodata visualization.
DVUser interpretations and emergent practices.
CVType of biodata (skin conductance), duration of use, interview structure.
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Employs a practice-based approach to understand user engagement over time.
  • +Investigates a novel design strategy (purposeful ambiguity) in the context of biodata.

Limitations

The study's sample size is relatively small, and the duration of use was limited to one month. The specific technology used (mobile app for skin conductance) may not generalize to all contexts.

Reliability & validity

Reliability could be improved by using more standardized interview protocols. Validity is supported by the triangulation of interview data and logged usage patterns, but the subjective nature of interpretation introduces potential validity challenges.

Think critically

To what extent should designers deliberately introduce ambiguity, and what are the ethical considerations of doing so, particularly with sensitive personal data?

05

Design Principles

"Embrace ambiguity in early-stage design to foster user-driven innovation and diverse application development."

This approach challenges the notion of a single, prescribed use for a technology. By embracing ambiguity, designers can create platforms that are more adaptable and resonate with a wider range of user needs and goals, potentially leading to more sustained engagement and novel applications.

06

What This Means for Your Design

If you make a tool that shows personal data in a way that isn't totally clear, people might find all sorts of different and unexpected ways to use it for themselves.

How to use in your project

  • 1.This research can inform the design of prototypes that intentionally leave room for user interpretation, especially when exploring novel data representations.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

The research by Sanches et al. (2019) highlights the potential of purposeful ambiguity in design. Their study demonstrated that users interacting with ambiguously visualized biodata developed diverse 'proto-practices,' suggesting that initial design openness can lead to richer, user-defined applications of technology.

09

Source

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction

Ambiguity as a Resource to Inform Proto-Practices

journal · 2019

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about ambiguous biodata visualizations foster diverse user interpretations and emergent practices?
Instead of rigidly defining a product's function, consider designing for open interpretation to allow users to discover and develop their own unique uses. Evidence: ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (2019).
Why does "Ambiguous biodata visualizations foster diverse user interpretations and emergent practices." matter for design?
This approach challenges the notion of a single, prescribed use for a technology. By embracing ambiguity, designers can create platforms that are more adaptable and resonate with a wider range of user needs and goals, potentially leading to more sustained engagement and novel applications.
How can designers apply this research?
Instead of rigidly defining a product's function, consider designing for open interpretation to allow users to discover and develop their own unique uses.
What were the main findings?
Users interpreted the ambiguous biodata visualizations in multiple, sometimes conflicting, ways.. Emergent 'proto-practices' included stress management, sports performance enhancement, emotion tracking, life logging, personality representation, and behavior change.. A balance of openness and scaffolding is needed to support the development of practices around biodata.
What research method was used?
Practice-based analysis of qualitative interviews and logged data. with 23 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2019 journal from ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing interfaces for personal data, consider using abstract or evocative visual metaphors that do not prescribe a single meaning, and observe how users naturally adopt and adapt the tool.
What are the limitations?
The study focused on skin conductance data and a specific type of visualization; results may vary with different biodata or visualization methods. Long-term adoption and the sustainability of these emergent practices were not fully explored.