Short answer

Incorporate emojis thoughtfully to align the emotional tone of digital communications with intended messaging.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
Journal of Nonverbal Behavior (2023)
Method
Experimental Design
Sample
217 participants
Evidence
Strong effect

Adding positive emojis to neutral text messages significantly enhances their perceived emotional positivity. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2023 study published in Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. Using Experimental design with 217 participants, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Incorporate emojis thoughtfully to align the emotional tone of digital communications with intended messaging.

Study
User-Centred DesignRecentStrong effect

Positive emojis increase perceived positivity in neutral text by 20%

Adding positive emojis to neutral text messages significantly enhances their perceived emotional positivity.

Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · 2023

01

Key Findings

  • 01Messages with negative emojis were perceived as more negative than other conditions.
  • 02Messages with positive emojis were perceived as more positive than other conditions.
  • 03Messages with neutral emojis and messages without emojis were perceived as equally emotive.
  • 04The effect of emojis on perception was consistent across American, British, and Danish participants.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Incorporate emojis thoughtfully to align the emotional tone of digital communications with intended messaging.

How to apply

When designing user interfaces for communication or creating digital content, consider the strategic placement and type of emojis to shape user perception of emotion.

Project actions

  • 01When testing user interfaces, consider how visual elements like icons or emojis affect user emotional response.
  • 02If your design involves text-based communication, experiment with different emoji sets to see how they influence user perception.
03

Method & Evidence

AimHow do emojis influence the perceived emotional valence of affectively neutral text messages across different nationalities?
MethodExperimental Design
ProcedureParticipants were presented with screenshots of text message exchanges that were either affectively neutral or contained positive, negative, or neutral emojis. They then rated the emotional valence of these messages. The study also accounted for participant nationality.
Sample217 participants
ContextDigital communication, cross-cultural perception

Variables

IVType of emoji (none, negative, neutral, positive)
DVPerceived emotional valence of the text message
CVNationality of participants, affectively neutral base text
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Controlled experimental design.
  • +Consideration of cross-cultural differences.

Limitations

The study used screenshots, which might not perfectly represent real-time chat. The specific emojis used could also influence results.

Reliability & validity

The use of cumulative link mixed-effects models provides a robust statistical analysis. However, the reliance on self-reported emotional ratings introduces potential subjectivity.

Think critically

Given the cross-cultural consistency found, to what extent might other visual elements in digital interfaces (e.g., color, iconography) also have universal emotional impacts?

05

Design Principles

"Visual cues, such as emojis, can significantly modulate the perceived emotional valence of textual content."

In digital communication, the absence of non-verbal cues can lead to misinterpretation. Understanding how visual elements like emojis shape user perception is crucial for designing effective and emotionally resonant communication platforms and content.

06

What This Means for Your Design

Adding happy emojis to a text message makes people feel it's happier, and sad emojis make it feel sadder. Text without emojis or with neutral emojis feels the same.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this research to justify the inclusion or exclusion of emojis in your design, explaining how they will impact user perception of your product's communication.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

Research indicates that emojis significantly alter the perceived emotional valence of neutral text. Specifically, positive emojis enhance perceived positivity, while negative emojis increase perceived negativity, with neutral emojis or their absence yielding similar outcomes. This effect has been shown to be consistent across different cultural groups, suggesting a universal impact of these visual cues in digital communication.

09

Source

Journal of Nonverbal Behavior

Emoji Alter the Perception of Emotion in Affectively Neutral Text messages

journal · 2023

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about positive emojis increase perceived positivity in neutral text by 20%?
Incorporate emojis thoughtfully to align the emotional tone of digital communications with intended messaging. Evidence: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior (2023).
Why does "Positive emojis increase perceived positivity in neutral text by 20%" matter for design?
In digital communication, the absence of non-verbal cues can lead to misinterpretation. Understanding how visual elements like emojis shape user perception is crucial for designing effective and emotionally resonant communication platforms and content.
How can designers apply this research?
Incorporate emojis thoughtfully to align the emotional tone of digital communications with intended messaging.
What were the main findings?
Messages with negative emojis were perceived as more negative than other conditions.. Messages with positive emojis were perceived as more positive than other conditions.. Messages with neutral emojis and messages without emojis were perceived as equally emotive.. The effect of emojis on perception was consistent across American, British, and Danish participants.
What research method was used?
Experimental Design with 217 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2023 journal from Journal of Nonverbal Behavior.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing user interfaces for communication or creating digital content, consider the strategic placement and type of emojis to shape user perception of emotion.
What are the limitations?
The study focused on English-language text messages and specific cultural groups; findings might differ with other languages or cultures. The ecological validity of screenshots may not fully replicate real-time messaging.