Short answer

Prioritize sourcing from and designing for supply chains that demonstrate material efficiency, rather than assuming outsourcing inherently reduces resource use.

Field
Resource Management
Source
Environmental Science & Technology (2018)
Method
Structural Decomposition Analysis using a Multi-Regional Input-Output model
Evidence
Strong effect

Shifts in international trade, particularly the outsourcing of production by developed nations to less material-efficient suppliers, significantly increase global raw material consumption. This resource management research insight is drawn from a 2018 study published in Environmental Science & Technology. Using Structural decomposition analysis using a multi-regional input-output model, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Prioritize sourcing from and designing for supply chains that demonstrate material efficiency, rather than assuming outsourcing inherently reduces resource use.

Study
Resource ManagementHigh ImpactStrong effect

Global Trade Patterns Amplify Raw Material Consumption

Shifts in international trade, particularly the outsourcing of production by developed nations to less material-efficient suppliers, significantly increase global raw material consumption.

Environmental Science & Technology · 2018

01

Key Findings

  • 01Changes in international trade patterns were a significant driver of increased global raw material consumption.
  • 02Developed countries, by shifting production to less material-efficient suppliers, played a major role in driving this growth.
  • 03The rise in material consumption in emerging economies did not negate the impact of industrialized nations as drivers of global resource use.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Prioritize sourcing from and designing for supply chains that demonstrate material efficiency, rather than assuming outsourcing inherently reduces resource use.

How to apply

When specifying materials or selecting manufacturing partners, investigate the material efficiency of their production processes and supply chains, not just cost or availability.

Project actions

  • 01When researching materials, look beyond their immediate properties to understand the resource impact of their extraction and manufacturing.
  • 02Consider the global implications of your design choices, especially if your product involves international manufacturing.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo what extent do changes in international trade patterns contribute to the increase in global raw material consumption?
MethodStructural Decomposition Analysis using a Multi-Regional Input-Output model
ProcedureThe researchers analyzed changes in global raw material consumption between 1990 and 2010, decomposing the drivers into factors such as trade, technology, and consumption patterns, using the Eora MRIO model.
ContextGlobal trade and resource consumption

Variables

IVChanges in international trade patterns, production locations, and consumption levels.
DVGlobal raw material consumption.
CVTechnological efficiency, economic growth (implicitly through input-output model).
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Utilizes a comprehensive multi-regional input-output model for a global perspective.
  • +Applies a robust structural decomposition analysis to disentangle complex drivers.

Limitations

The study's data is from 1990-2010, so newer, more resource-efficient technologies or global initiatives might not be fully captured.

Reliability & validity

The use of a well-established MRIO model and decomposition analysis lends strong reliability and validity to the findings regarding the drivers of resource consumption.

Think critically

If developed countries are driving resource use by outsourcing to less efficient suppliers, what design strategies could encourage the development and adoption of more efficient production methods in those supplier countries?

05

Design Principles

"Design for global material responsibility: Account for the resource intensity of all stages of production, including outsourced manufacturing."

Understanding the material footprint of global supply chains is crucial for designers and engineers aiming to reduce environmental impact. This research highlights that simply shifting production does not equate to resource efficiency and can exacerbate global resource depletion.

06

What This Means for Your Design

Moving production to other countries doesn't always mean using fewer resources; sometimes it means using more because the new places aren't as good at being efficient.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this research to justify investigating the material footprint of different manufacturing locations or material sourcing options for your design project.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

This research highlights that international trade patterns can significantly increase global raw material consumption, particularly when developed nations shift production to less material-efficient suppliers. This underscores the importance of evaluating the material footprint of global supply chains in design projects.

09

Source

Environmental Science & Technology

International Trade Drives Global Resource Use: A Structural Decomposition Analysis of Raw Material Consumption from 1990–2010

journal · 2018

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about global trade patterns amplify raw material consumption?
Prioritize sourcing from and designing for supply chains that demonstrate material efficiency, rather than assuming outsourcing inherently reduces resource use. Evidence: Environmental Science & Technology (2018).
Why does "Global Trade Patterns Amplify Raw Material Consumption" matter for design?
Understanding the material footprint of global supply chains is crucial for designers and engineers aiming to reduce environmental impact. This research highlights that simply shifting production does not equate to resource efficiency and can exacerbate global resource depletion.
How can designers apply this research?
Prioritize sourcing from and designing for supply chains that demonstrate material efficiency, rather than assuming outsourcing inherently reduces resource use.
What were the main findings?
Changes in international trade patterns were a significant driver of increased global raw material consumption.. Developed countries, by shifting production to less material-efficient suppliers, played a major role in driving this growth.. The rise in material consumption in emerging economies did not negate the impact of industrialized nations as drivers of global resource use.
What research method was used?
Structural Decomposition Analysis using a Multi-Regional Input-Output model.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2018 journal from Environmental Science & Technology.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When specifying materials or selecting manufacturing partners, investigate the material efficiency of their production processes and supply chains, not just cost or availability.
What are the limitations?
The analysis is based on data up to 2010 and may not fully reflect more recent trends in circular economy initiatives or technological advancements in material efficiency.