Short answer

Design digital health interventions collaboratively with your target users, ensuring flexibility and a phased approach to behavior change.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
Frontiers in Digital Health (2025)
Method
Qualitative research using a co-design framework.
Sample
12 participants (8 older adults, 4 allied health professionals)
Evidence
Strong effect

Involving end-users and allied health professionals in the co-design process of digital health interventions leads to a more tailored product that respects user autonomy and supports incremental behavior change. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2025 study published in Frontiers in Digital Health. Using Qualitative research using a co-design framework. with 12 participants (8 older adults, 4 allied health professionals), researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Design digital health interventions collaboratively with your target users, ensuring flexibility and a phased approach to behavior change.

Study
User-Centred DesignNew This WeekStrong effect

Co-designing digital health interventions yields greater user autonomy and gradual behavior change.

Involving end-users and allied health professionals in the co-design process of digital health interventions leads to a more tailored product that respects user autonomy and supports incremental behavior change.

Frontiers in Digital Health · 2025

01

Key Findings

  • 01Older adults desired both support and autonomy in health behavior change interventions.
  • 02A step-by-step approach was preferred for gradual behavior modification to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
  • 03Co-design facilitated the tailoring of the intervention to the specific needs of the target audience.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Design digital health interventions collaboratively with your target users, ensuring flexibility and a phased approach to behavior change.

How to apply

When designing any user-facing digital product, especially in health, initiate a co-design process with a diverse group of end-users and relevant experts to ensure the product meets their nuanced needs and preferences.

Project actions

  • 01Involve your target users early and often in the design process.
  • 02Observe how users interact with prototypes and ask them to explain their decisions.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo explore the co-design process for a 24-hour time-use intervention for older adults, focusing on user autonomy and gradual behavior change.
MethodQualitative research using a co-design framework.
ProcedureSix co-design workshops were conducted with older adults and allied health professionals. Participants contributed to the website design, content, and researcher involvement. Data was collected through printouts, audio recordings, and screen recordings, and analyzed using reflexive thematic and content analysis.
Sample12 participants (8 older adults, 4 allied health professionals)
ContextDigital health intervention design for older adults.

Variables

IV["Co-design process (presence/absence, structure)","Participant type (older adult vs. allied health professional)"]
DV["User autonomy in intervention","Preference for gradual behavior change","Intervention features (website design, content, researcher input)"]
CV["Health behavior change focus (24-hour time-use)","Digital intervention format"]
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Direct involvement of the target population.
  • +Application of a structured design process (Double Diamond).

Limitations

The number of participants was small, and the co-design process might be time-consuming for some projects.

Reliability & validity

The use of multiple data collection methods (audio, screen recording, printouts) and a systematic analysis approach (reflexive thematic and content analysis) enhances the reliability and validity of the findings.

Think critically

How might the 'double diamond' process have been adapted to further empower participants and reduce potential researcher bias in documentation?

05

Design Principles

"Empower users by involving them in the design process and offering adaptable pathways for change."

This approach ensures that digital health tools are not only functional but also resonate with the lived experiences and preferences of the target audience. By prioritizing user input, designers can create interventions that are more likely to be adopted, adhered to, and ultimately effective in promoting health behaviors.

06

What This Means for Your Design

When you design something for people, it's best to ask them what they want and how they want it. This study showed that older people wanted to be in control of their health changes but also have support, and they liked making small steps instead of big ones all at once.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference this study when justifying the use of co-design methods in your design project to gather user requirements and validate design decisions.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

The co-design process, as demonstrated by Blake et al. (2025), is a valuable methodology for developing user-centered digital interventions. Their work highlights how involving end-users and professionals in workshops can lead to a product that respects user autonomy and supports gradual behavior change, ensuring greater relevance and potential for adoption.

09

Source

Frontiers in Digital Health

Co-design of a digital 24-hour time-use intervention with older adults and allied health professionals

journal · 2025

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about co-designing digital health interventions yields greater user autonomy and gradual behavior change?
Design digital health interventions collaboratively with your target users, ensuring flexibility and a phased approach to behavior change. Evidence: Frontiers in Digital Health (2025).
Why does "Co-designing digital health interventions yields greater user autonomy and gradual behavior change." matter for design?
This approach ensures that digital health tools are not only functional but also resonate with the lived experiences and preferences of the target audience. By prioritizing user input, designers can create interventions that are more likely to be adopted, adhered to, and ultimately effective in promoting health behaviors.
How can designers apply this research?
Design digital health interventions collaboratively with your target users, ensuring flexibility and a phased approach to behavior change.
What were the main findings?
Older adults desired both support and autonomy in health behavior change interventions.. A step-by-step approach was preferred for gradual behavior modification to avoid feeling overwhelmed.. Co-design facilitated the tailoring of the intervention to the specific needs of the target audience.
What research method was used?
Qualitative research using a co-design framework. with 12 participants (8 older adults, 4 allied health professionals).
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2025 journal from Frontiers in Digital Health.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing any user-facing digital product, especially in health, initiate a co-design process with a diverse group of end-users and relevant experts to ensure the product meets their nuanced needs and preferences.
What are the limitations?
The study focused on a specific age group and health behavior, and the co-design process may vary for different populations and intervention types.