Study
Commercial ProductionHigh ImpactModerate effect

Shifting Macronutrient Trends Impact Food Product Development

US adults' dietary macronutrient intake has subtly shifted, with a decrease in carbohydrate consumption and increases in protein and fat, necessitating adjustments in food product formulation and marketing.

JAMA · 2019

01

Key Findings

  • 01Estimated energy from total carbohydrates declined from 52.5% to 50.5%.
  • 02Estimated energy from total protein increased from 15.5% to 16.4%.
  • 03Estimated energy from total fat increased from 31.9% to 33.1%.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Product development teams should monitor population-level dietary shifts to ensure their offerings remain relevant and appealing to consumers.

How to apply

Review current product portfolios and market research to see if they align with the observed macronutrient shifts. Consider product innovation or reformulation to cater to these trends.

Project actions

  • 01When researching food products, consider the macronutrient balance.
  • 02Investigate how market trends in nutrition influence product design.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo identify and analyze trends in dietary macronutrient intake, food sources, and overall diet quality among US adults over an 18-year period.
MethodSerial cross-sectional analysis
ProcedureThe study analyzed 24-hour dietary recall data from multiple cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to track changes in macronutrient consumption and diet quality indicators among US adults.
Sample43,996 participants
ContextUS adult population, 1999-2016

Variables

IVSurvey cycle (time period)
DVDietary intake of macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fat) and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2015)
CVAge, sex, US adult population
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Large, nationally representative sample.
  • +Longitudinal data collection over an extended period.

Limitations

This study focuses on broad US trends; specific regional or cultural dietary shifts might differ.

Reliability & validity

The use of NHANES data provides a degree of reliability due to standardized data collection methods. Validity is supported by the large sample size and national representation, though dietary recall limitations persist.

Think critically

To what extent do these broad dietary trends reflect actual consumer demand versus the influence of food industry marketing and product availability?

05

Design Principles

"Align product composition with observable, long-term consumer dietary trends."

Understanding these long-term dietary trends is crucial for food manufacturers and product developers. It informs decisions about ingredient sourcing, product reformulation, and the creation of new food items to align with evolving consumer preferences and perceived health needs.

06

What This Means for Your Design

People are eating a bit less bread and pasta, and a bit more meat and healthy fats. This means companies making food need to think about changing their recipes or making new foods that fit this trend.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this data to justify a design choice for a food product that caters to lower-carb or higher-protein preferences.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

(2019). Trends in Dietary Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Intake and Diet Quality Among US Adults, 1999-2016. JAMA. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.13771 Retrieved from https://designdex.org/study/6203b599-f3bb-4734-83e9-d1d209cada30/shifting-macronutrient-trends-impact-food-product-development

Paragraph starter

Analysis of dietary trends in the US from 1999-2016 reveals a significant shift towards lower carbohydrate and higher protein and fat intake among adults. This macronutrient evolution directly impacts the food industry, influencing product formulation, ingredient sourcing, and marketing strategies. Designers must consider these population-level dietary patterns when developing new food products or reformulating existing ones to ensure market relevance and consumer appeal.

09

Source

JAMA

Trends in Dietary Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Intake and Diet Quality Among US Adults, 1999-2016

journal · 2019

View source

Questions about this research

What does the research say about shifting macronutrient trends impact food product development?
Product development teams should monitor population-level dietary shifts to ensure their offerings remain relevant and appealing to consumers. Evidence: JAMA (2019).
Why does "Shifting Macronutrient Trends Impact Food Product Development" matter for design?
Understanding these long-term dietary trends is crucial for food manufacturers and product developers. It informs decisions about ingredient sourcing, product reformulation, and the creation of new food items to align with evolving consumer preferences and perceived health needs.
How can designers apply this research?
Product development teams should monitor population-level dietary shifts to ensure their offerings remain relevant and appealing to consumers.
What were the main findings?
Estimated energy from total carbohydrates declined from 52.5% to 50.5%.. Estimated energy from total protein increased from 15.5% to 16.4%.. Estimated energy from total fat increased from 31.9% to 33.1%.
What research method was used?
Serial cross-sectional analysis with 43,996 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2019 journal from JAMA.
What should I do differently in my next project?
Review current product portfolios and market research to see if they align with the observed macronutrient shifts. Consider product innovation or reformulation to cater to these trends.
What are the limitations?
Dietary recalls are subject to self-reporting bias; trends may not reflect all demographic or socioeconomic groups equally.
Is there evidence that product development affects design outcomes?
Over an 18-year period, US adults consumed fewer carbohydrates and more protein and fat, indicating a gradual shift in the macronutrient composition of their diets. Understanding these long-term dietary trends is crucial for food manufacturers and product developers. It informs decisions about ingredient sourcing, prod Source: JAMA (2019).
Where does this protein fat research apply?
US adult population, 1999-2016 It sits within commercial production research on designdex.org.

Related research topics

product development design research · evidence on product development · does product development improve design outcomes · protein fat studies for designers · product development and protein fat findings · commercial production research evidence