Short answer

Designers must create solutions that simplify the management of multiple medications and support users in navigating complex health regimens.

Field
Human Factors
Source
JAMA (2015)
Method
Observational study using secondary data analysis
Sample
37,959 participants
Evidence
Strong effect

The prevalence of prescription drug use and the number of medications taken by individuals have significantly increased over a 14-year period, indicating a growing reliance on pharmaceutical interventions for health management. This human factors research insight is drawn from a 2015 study published in JAMA. Using Observational study using secondary data analysis with 37,959 participants, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Designers must create solutions that simplify the management of multiple medications and support users in navigating complex health regimens.

Study
Human FactorsHigh ImpactStrong effect

Prescription drug use among US adults increased by 8% between 1999 and 2012, with polypharmacy doubling.

The prevalence of prescription drug use and the number of medications taken by individuals have significantly increased over a 14-year period, indicating a growing reliance on pharmaceutical interventions for health management.

JAMA · 2015

01

Key Findings

  • 01Overall prescription drug use increased from 51% to 59% of US adults between 1999-2000 and 2011-2012.
  • 02The prevalence of polypharmacy (use of 5 or more prescription drugs) increased from 8.2% to 15% during the same period.
  • 03Use of specific drug classes, including antihyperlipidemic agents, antidepressants, proton-pump inhibitors, and muscle relaxants, also increased.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Designers must create solutions that simplify the management of multiple medications and support users in navigating complex health regimens.

How to apply

When designing health apps or devices, consider features that help users track multiple medications, set reminders, and potentially flag interactions or side effects based on user input.

Project actions

  • 01Consider how your design can help users manage multiple health conditions or medications.
  • 02Investigate user needs related to medication adherence and understanding.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo evaluate temporal trends in prescription drug use among US adults.
MethodObservational study using secondary data analysis
ProcedureResearchers analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) across seven cycles from 1999-2000 to 2011-2012, assessing the use of prescription drugs within the prior 30 days for a representative sample of US adults.
Sample37,959 participants
ContextHealthcare and public health in the United States

Variables

IV["Calendar year (represented by NHANES cycle)"]
DV["Prevalence of prescription drug use","Prevalence of polypharmacy (use of >=5 prescription drugs)","Prevalence of use by drug class"]
CV["Age","Noninstitutionalized US adults"]
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Nationally representative sample.
  • +Longitudinal data over a significant period.

Limitations

Self-reported data can be inaccurate. The study doesn't explain *why* drug use increased.

Reliability & validity

The use of a large, nationally representative survey (NHANES) with weighted analyses enhances the reliability and generalizability of the findings. However, reliance on self-reported drug use introduces potential validity concerns due to recall bias.

Think critically

What are the potential ethical considerations for designers when creating tools that manage or influence prescription drug use?

05

Design Principles

"Design for complexity: anticipate and accommodate users managing multiple, interconnected needs."

Understanding the trends in prescription drug use is crucial for designing healthcare systems, patient support programs, and even product interfaces that accommodate the needs of a population increasingly managing multiple health conditions with various medications. This insight highlights a growing complexity in user health profiles that designers must consider.

06

What This Means for Your Design

More and more adults in the US are taking prescription drugs, and many are taking a lot of them. This means designers need to think about how to make it easier for people to manage all their medicines.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference this study to justify the need for a design that addresses medication management complexity.
  • 2.Use the findings to inform user personas and their specific needs.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

Research indicates a significant increase in prescription drug use and polypharmacy among US adults from 1999 to 2012. This trend highlights the growing need for design solutions that can effectively support individuals managing multiple medications and complex health regimens, influencing the design of health-related technologies and services.

09

Source

JAMA

Trends in Prescription Drug Use Among Adults in the United States From 1999-2012

journal · 2015

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about prescription drug use among us adults increased by 8% between 1999 and 2012, with polypharmacy doubling?
Designers must create solutions that simplify the management of multiple medications and support users in navigating complex health regimens. Evidence: JAMA (2015).
Why does "Prescription drug use among US adults increased by 8% between 1999 and 2012, with polypharmacy doubling." matter for design?
Understanding the trends in prescription drug use is crucial for designing healthcare systems, patient support programs, and even product interfaces that accommodate the needs of a population increasingly managing multiple health conditions with various medications. This insight highlights a growing complexity in user health profiles that designers must consider.
How can designers apply this research?
Designers must create solutions that simplify the management of multiple medications and support users in navigating complex health regimens.
What were the main findings?
Overall prescription drug use increased from 51% to 59% of US adults between 1999-2000 and 2011-2012.. The prevalence of polypharmacy (use of 5 or more prescription drugs) increased from 8.2% to 15% during the same period.. Use of specific drug classes, including antihyperlipidemic agents, antidepressants, proton-pump inhibitors, and muscle relaxants, also increased.
What research method was used?
Observational study using secondary data analysis with 37,959 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2015 journal from JAMA.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing health apps or devices, consider features that help users track multiple medications, set reminders, and potentially flag interactions or side effects based on user input.
What are the limitations?
The study relies on self-reported data, which may be subject to recall bias. It does not explore the reasons behind the increased drug use.