Short answer

When designing new characters or updating existing ones, understand that users may hold onto established definitions, and consider how to bridge the gap between the new and the familiar.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
Social Sciences (2018)
Method
Quantitative survey and experimental design.
Sample
131 participants
Evidence
Moderate effect

While young children can differentiate between traditional and modern princess character traits, their fundamental understanding of what constitutes a 'princess' is not easily altered by exposure to newer, more progressive characters. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2018 study published in Social Sciences. Using Quantitative survey and experimental design. with 131 participants, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: When designing new characters or updating existing ones, understand that users may hold onto established definitions, and consider how to bridge the gap between the new and the familiar.

Study
User-Centred DesignHigh ImpactModerate effect

Children's perception of 'princess' roles shifts with character evolution, but broader 'princess' identity remains resistant to change.

While young children can differentiate between traditional and modern princess character traits, their fundamental understanding of what constitutes a 'princess' is not easily altered by exposure to newer, more progressive characters.

Social Sciences · 2018

01

Key Findings

  • 01Children recognized the distinct gendered profiles of Aurora (largely feminine) and Moana (more androgynous).
  • 02Viewing a newer Disney movie did not alter children's general perception of what a 'princess' is.
  • 03A significant portion of children did not categorize Moana as a princess.
02

Application

Design takeaway

When designing new characters or updating existing ones, understand that users may hold onto established definitions, and consider how to bridge the gap between the new and the familiar.

How to apply

When developing a new product line or character, test how it fits within existing user categories and be prepared to educate users on how it represents a new or evolved concept.

Project actions

  • 01When researching user perceptions, consider both specific item attributes and broader category definitions.
  • 02Be aware that user definitions can be surprisingly rigid, even when presented with new examples.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo investigate how young children perceive and attribute gendered characteristics to traditional versus modern Disney princess characters, and whether exposure to these characters influences their broader definition of 'princess'.
MethodQuantitative survey and experimental design.
ProcedureChildren were asked to attribute feminine and masculine characteristics to 'princesses' before and after watching either an older (Sleeping Beauty) or newer (Moana) Disney princess movie. They also attributed characteristics to the specific characters (Aurora and Moana) and identified which of several female characters they considered to be princesses.
Sample131 participants
ContextChildren's media and character perception.

Variables

IVType of Disney princess movie viewed ('old' vs. 'new').
DVAttribution of feminine/masculine characteristics; labelling of characters as 'princesses'.
CVAge of participants (8-9 years old); nationality (UK).
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Directly addresses a gap in understanding children's interpretation of evolving gender roles in media.
  • +Uses a combination of pre- and post-exposure measures to assess impact.

Limitations

The study's findings are specific to children and Disney princesses; they may not apply to adult perceptions or other product categories.

Reliability & validity

Reliability could be enhanced by using more standardized scales for characteristic attribution. Validity is supported by the pre- and post-exposure design, but the specific definition of 'princess' is subjective.

Think critically

To what extent do cultural narratives and established media franchises shape and potentially limit users' ability to adopt new definitions or archetypes?

05

Design Principles

"User schema adaptation is gradual and can be resistant to change, especially for deeply ingrained concepts."

This highlights a critical nuance for designers creating characters or brands aimed at children. It suggests that while evolving character archetypes can influence perceptions of specific roles, deeply ingrained cultural schemas or definitions require more significant intervention to shift.

06

What This Means for Your Design

Kids know Moana is different from Sleeping Beauty, but they still think of 'princess' in the old way, so they don't always call Moana a princess.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this research to justify exploring user definitions of common product categories or archetypes in your design project.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

Research indicates that while users can differentiate between evolving character archetypes, their fundamental definitions of broader categories can be resistant to change. For instance, a study on children's perceptions of Disney princesses found that while they recognized the distinct traits of modern characters like Moana compared to traditional ones like Sleeping Beauty, their overall classification of 'princess' did not readily include Moana, suggesting that established schemas require significant intervention to adapt.

09

Source

Social Sciences

From the Sleeping Princess to the World-Saving Daughter of the Chief: Examining Young Children’s Perceptions of ‘Old’ versus ‘New’ Disney Princess Characters

journal · 2018

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about children's perception of 'princess' roles shifts with character evolution, but broader 'princess' identity remains resistant to change?
When designing new characters or updating existing ones, understand that users may hold onto established definitions, and consider how to bridge the gap between the new and the familiar. Evidence: Social Sciences (2018).
Why does "Children's perception of 'princess' roles shifts with character evolution, but broader 'princess' identity remains resistant to change." matter for design?
This highlights a critical nuance for designers creating characters or brands aimed at children. It suggests that while evolving character archetypes can influence perceptions of specific roles, deeply ingrained cultural schemas or definitions require more significant intervention to shift.
How can designers apply this research?
When designing new characters or updating existing ones, understand that users may hold onto established definitions, and consider how to bridge the gap between the new and the familiar.
What were the main findings?
Children recognized the distinct gendered profiles of Aurora (largely feminine) and Moana (more androgynous).. Viewing a newer Disney movie did not alter children's general perception of what a 'princess' is.. A significant portion of children did not categorize Moana as a princess.
What research method was used?
Quantitative survey and experimental design. with 131 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2018 journal from Social Sciences.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When developing a new product line or character, test how it fits within existing user categories and be prepared to educate users on how it represents a new or evolved concept.
What are the limitations?
The study focused on a specific age group and cultural context (UK children). The definition of 'princess' might vary across different cultures and age demographics.