Short answer

Consider the potential for products to become companions, not just tools, and design for emotional resonance and long-term user engagement.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
Robotics (2018)
Method
Mixed Methods Study
Sample
83 participants
Evidence
Moderate effect

Users form significant non-sexual, companionship-based relationships with anthropomorphic objects, extending beyond their intended primary function. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2018 study published in Robotics. Using Mixed methods study with 83 participants, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Consider the potential for products to become companions, not just tools, and design for emotional resonance and long-term user engagement.

Study
User-Centred DesignHigh ImpactModerate effect

Beyond Sexual Function: Exploring Non-Sexual Companionship with Anthropomorphic Objects

Users form significant non-sexual, companionship-based relationships with anthropomorphic objects, extending beyond their intended primary function.

Robotics · 2018

01

Key Findings

  • 01A high prevalence of non-sexual, companionship dynamics between users and dolls.
  • 02User reservations regarding future robotic developments in anthropomorphic objects.
  • 03The term 'allodoll' is proposed to describe broader, non-sexual relationships with these objects.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Consider the potential for products to become companions, not just tools, and design for emotional resonance and long-term user engagement.

How to apply

When designing products intended for personal use, explore how users might form emotional attachments and consider features that support these connections, even if not explicitly functional.

Project actions

  • 01When researching user needs, ask open-ended questions about feelings and relationships with the product.
  • 02Consider the long-term interaction a user might have with a product and how that relationship could evolve.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo understand the motivations and experiences of users of anthropomorphic objects, particularly regarding the nature of their relationships with these objects.
MethodMixed Methods Study
ProcedureParticipants completed a semi-structured questionnaire, followed by thematic analysis of the responses to identify patterns in user experiences and motivations.
Sample83 participants
ContextUser interaction with anthropomorphic objects, specifically realistic dolls.

Variables

IVNature of anthropomorphic object design (e.g., realism, features)
DVUser's reported relationship type (sexual vs. non-sexual companionship)
CVUser demographics (age, gender, relationship status, living situation)
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Explores a novel and under-researched area of human-object interaction.
  • +Uses a mixed-methods approach to gather rich qualitative data.

Limitations

It can be challenging to objectively measure emotional attachment, and user self-reporting may be influenced by social desirability.

Reliability & validity

Thematic analysis provides rich qualitative data, but the reliance on self-reported data and a specific online community may limit generalizability and introduce bias, impacting external validity.

Think critically

How might the design of an object influence the type and depth of emotional connection a user forms with it?

05

Design Principles

"Design for emotional connection and evolving user needs, recognizing that functionality can extend to psychological and social well-being."

This challenges a purely functional design perspective, highlighting the potential for products to fulfill deeper emotional and social needs. Designers should consider the broader spectrum of user interaction and emotional attachment that can develop with their creations.

06

What This Means for Your Design

People sometimes form friendships with objects like realistic dolls, not just for their intended use, but for companionship. This means designers should think about how objects can make people feel connected.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this research to justify exploring user emotional needs in your design project, even if your product has a primary functional purpose.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

Research indicates that users often develop significant non-sexual companionship dynamics with anthropomorphic objects, extending their perceived utility beyond initial design intent. This suggests that design practice should consider the potential for products to fulfill emotional and social needs, fostering deeper user engagement and attachment.

09

Source

Robotics

Beyond the Sex Doll: Post-Human Companionship and the Rise of the ‘Allodoll’

journal · 2018

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about beyond sexual function: exploring non-sexual companionship with anthropomorphic objects?
Consider the potential for products to become companions, not just tools, and design for emotional resonance and long-term user engagement. Evidence: Robotics (2018).
Why does "Beyond Sexual Function: Exploring Non-Sexual Companionship with Anthropomorphic Objects" matter for design?
This challenges a purely functional design perspective, highlighting the potential for products to fulfill deeper emotional and social needs. Designers should consider the broader spectrum of user interaction and emotional attachment that can develop with their creations.
How can designers apply this research?
Consider the potential for products to become companions, not just tools, and design for emotional resonance and long-term user engagement.
What were the main findings?
A high prevalence of non-sexual, companionship dynamics between users and dolls.. User reservations regarding future robotic developments in anthropomorphic objects.. The term 'allodoll' is proposed to describe broader, non-sexual relationships with these objects.
What research method was used?
Mixed Methods Study with 83 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2018 journal from Robotics.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing products intended for personal use, explore how users might form emotional attachments and consider features that support these connections, even if not explicitly functional.
What are the limitations?
The study sample was accessed through online doll forums, which may introduce bias towards specific user demographics and perspectives.