Short answer

Design digital health solutions for chronic pain that actively involve patients in their care, provide comprehensive education on pain management, and offer support for the emotional and social impacts of their condition.

Field
User-Centred Design
Source
JMIR Formative Research (2025)
Method
Qualitative Research
Sample
18 participants
Evidence
Strong effect

Understanding the lived experiences of patients with chronic noncancer pain is crucial for developing effective digital interventions that address their complex needs and reduce opioid-related harm. This user-centred design research insight is drawn from a 2025 study published in JMIR Formative Research. Using Qualitative research with 18 participants, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Design digital health solutions for chronic pain that actively involve patients in their care, provide comprehensive education on pain management, and offer support for the emotional and social impacts of their condition.

Study
User-Centred DesignNew This WeekStrong effect

Patient narratives reveal critical gaps in chronic pain and opioid management

Understanding the lived experiences of patients with chronic noncancer pain is crucial for developing effective digital interventions that address their complex needs and reduce opioid-related harm.

JMIR Formative Research · 2025

01

Key Findings

  • 01Limited collaboration and partnership in treatment.
  • 02Insufficient understanding of pain from a biopsychosocial perspective.
  • 03Continued opioid use even when benefits do not outweigh harms.
  • 04A trial-and-error approach to managing opioid use.
  • 05Cycles of hope and hopelessness experienced by patients.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Design digital health solutions for chronic pain that actively involve patients in their care, provide comprehensive education on pain management, and offer support for the emotional and social impacts of their condition.

How to apply

When designing health-related digital tools, conduct in-depth qualitative research with the target user group to understand their lived experiences and integrate these insights into the core functionality and user interface.

Project actions

  • 01When researching a problem, consider conducting interviews or focus groups to gather rich qualitative data about user experiences.
  • 02Use thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and insights from user feedback.
03

Method & Evidence

AimWhat are the lived experiences of patients with chronic noncancer pain regarding their opioid therapy and how can these insights inform the co-design of digital interventions to reduce opioid-related harm?
MethodQualitative Research
ProcedureSemi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with individuals experiencing chronic noncancer pain and receiving opioid therapy. The interviews were transcribed, thematically analyzed using grounded theory, and validated by participants.
Sample18 participants
ContextHealthcare, Digital Health, Pain Management

Variables

IV["Patient lived experiences with chronic noncancer pain and opioid therapy"]
DV["Themes emerging from qualitative analysis (e.g., limited collaboration, biopsychosocial understanding, hope/hopelessness)"]
CV["Age range (18-70 years)","Chronic noncancer pain intensity (≥4/10)"]
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Employs a qualitative approach to deeply understand user experiences.
  • +Utilizes member checking to ensure the validity of findings from the patient perspective.

Limitations

The sample size is relatively small, and the participants were recruited from specific hospital waitlists, which might limit the generalizability of the findings.

Reliability & validity

The use of thematic analysis and member checking enhances the credibility and trustworthiness of the qualitative findings. However, the subjective nature of qualitative data and the specific sample may limit generalizability.

Think critically

How might the 'trial-and-error' approach to opioid use identified in this study be addressed through design, and what are the ethical considerations involved in providing tools that might influence medication adherence or self-management?

05

Design Principles

"Embrace patient narratives to uncover unmet needs and co-create solutions that address the holistic experience of chronic conditions."

Designers must move beyond purely clinical perspectives to incorporate the nuanced realities of patient journeys. This qualitative insight highlights the importance of empathy and user involvement in creating solutions that are not only functional but also resonate with the emotional and practical challenges faced by users.

06

What This Means for Your Design

This study shows that when designing tools for people with chronic pain who take opioids, it's really important to listen to their stories. They often feel unheard and struggle with understanding their pain and managing their medication, which makes them feel hopeless. Good design needs to help them feel more in control and understood.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use the findings to justify the need for a user-centred approach in your design project.
  • 2.Reference the identified themes as evidence for specific design features or strategies you choose to implement.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

User research, such as the qualitative analysis of patient lived experiences in chronic pain management (Elphinston et al., 2025), highlights the critical need for design solutions that are deeply rooted in user realities. This study revealed that patients often experience limited treatment collaboration, a lack of biopsychosocial understanding of their pain, and emotional cycles of hope and hopelessness. These insights underscore the importance of designing interventions that foster patient partnership, provide comprehensive pain education, and acknowledge the multifaceted nature of chronic conditions.

09

Source

JMIR Formative Research

Co-Designing a Digital Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Prescription Opioid–Related Harm Among People With Chronic Noncancer Pain: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Lived Experiences

journal · 2025

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about patient narratives reveal critical gaps in chronic pain and opioid management?
Design digital health solutions for chronic pain that actively involve patients in their care, provide comprehensive education on pain management, and offer support for the emotional and social impacts of their condition. Evidence: JMIR Formative Research (2025).
Why does "Patient narratives reveal critical gaps in chronic pain and opioid management" matter for design?
Designers must move beyond purely clinical perspectives to incorporate the nuanced realities of patient journeys. This qualitative insight highlights the importance of empathy and user involvement in creating solutions that are not only functional but also resonate with the emotional and practical challenges faced by users.
How can designers apply this research?
Design digital health solutions for chronic pain that actively involve patients in their care, provide comprehensive education on pain management, and offer support for the emotional and social impacts of their condition.
What were the main findings?
Limited collaboration and partnership in treatment.. Insufficient understanding of pain from a biopsychosocial perspective.. Continued opioid use even when benefits do not outweigh harms.. A trial-and-error approach to managing opioid use.
What research method was used?
Qualitative Research with 18 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2025 journal from JMIR Formative Research.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing health-related digital tools, conduct in-depth qualitative research with the target user group to understand their lived experiences and integrate these insights into the core functionality and user interface.
What are the limitations?
Findings may not be generalizable to all patient populations or pain conditions; the digital intervention itself was not developed or tested in this phase.