Short answer

When designing water resource recovery facilities, especially smaller ones, conduct a full life cycle assessment that gives significant weight to the construction phase's environmental impact, not just the operational phase.

Field
Resource Management
Source
Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (2019)
Method
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Sample
12 facilities
Evidence
Strong effect

The environmental burden of constructing small water resource recovery facilities can be substantial, often exceeding 5% of the total life cycle impact across multiple categories, and must be considered alongside operational impacts. This resource management research insight is drawn from a 2019 study published in Lincoln (University of Nebraska). Using Life cycle assessment (lca) with 12 facilities, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: When designing water resource recovery facilities, especially smaller ones, conduct a full life cycle assessment that gives significant weight to the construction phase's environmental impact, not just the operational phase.

Study
Resource ManagementHigh ImpactStrong effect

Construction phase impacts significantly influence the environmental footprint of small water resource recovery facilities.

The environmental burden of constructing small water resource recovery facilities can be substantial, often exceeding 5% of the total life cycle impact across multiple categories, and must be considered alongside operational impacts.

Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · 2019

01

Key Findings

  • 01Both construction and operational phases contribute significantly to the overall environmental burden of small WRRFs, often exceeding 5% in many impact categories.
  • 02Variability in environmental profiles is influenced by operational energy, construction materials, and facility overdesign.
  • 03Overdesigned facilities tend to have higher environmental impacts due to increased operational energy use and/or excessive infrastructure.
02

Application

Design takeaway

When designing water resource recovery facilities, especially smaller ones, conduct a full life cycle assessment that gives significant weight to the construction phase's environmental impact, not just the operational phase.

How to apply

For any new infrastructure design project, especially those with a significant physical footprint, perform a comparative LCA of different material choices and construction methods to identify the most environmentally sustainable option.

Project actions

  • 01When researching materials for your design, look for studies that analyze their environmental impact across their entire life cycle.
  • 02Consider the embodied energy and emissions associated with the manufacturing and transportation of your chosen materials.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo assess the environmental sustainability profiles of small mechanical water resource recovery facilities, considering both construction and operational phases.
MethodLife Cycle Assessment (LCA)
ProcedureData on construction and operational phases were collected through site visits, regulatory bodies, engineers, and online databases. Background data was sourced from the Ecoinvent database. Environmental profiles were generated using SimaPro and the TRACI impact assessment method.
Sample12 facilities
ContextSmall, rural water resource recovery facilities

Variables

IVConstruction phase activities and materials, Operational phase energy consumption and processes
DVEnvironmental impact categories (e.g., global warming potential, acidification potential)
CVFacility type (mechanical WRRFs), Geographical location (Nebraska), Assessment methodology (LCA, TRACI)
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Comprehensive LCA methodology applied.
  • +Inclusion of both construction and operational phases.

Limitations

It can be difficult to accurately quantify all construction impacts without detailed site-specific data and access to proprietary manufacturing processes.

Reliability & validity

The use of a standardized LCA methodology (TRACI) and a database like Ecoinvent enhances reliability. Validity is supported by the detailed data collection from multiple sources, though site-specific variations could introduce some limitations.

Think critically

If the construction phase has such a significant impact, how can designers effectively balance the need for robust infrastructure with the imperative to reduce embodied environmental costs, especially when budget constraints are a factor?

05

Design Principles

"Holistic Life Cycle Assessment: Evaluate the environmental impact of a design project across its entire life cycle, from raw material extraction and manufacturing through construction, operation, and end-of-life."

Designers and engineers involved in infrastructure projects, particularly those for smaller communities, need to recognize that the initial construction phase is not a minor contributor to environmental impact. A holistic assessment, encompassing both build and operation, is crucial for developing truly sustainable solutions.

06

What This Means for Your Design

When you build something like a water treatment plant, the impact of actually building it (using materials, energy for construction) is a big deal for the environment, not just how much energy it uses when it's running. So, think about the building part too!

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference this study when discussing the importance of considering the construction phase in your design's environmental impact assessment.
  • 2.Use the findings to justify your material choices if you prioritize lower construction-phase impacts.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

The environmental sustainability of infrastructure projects, particularly smaller facilities like water resource recovery plants, is significantly influenced by the construction phase, not solely by operational efficiency. Research indicates that construction impacts can represent a substantial portion of the total life cycle environmental burden, underscoring the need for designers to meticulously evaluate material choices and construction methodologies to minimize upfront environmental costs.

09

Source

Lincoln (University of Nebraska)

Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Small Nebraska Mechanical Water Resource Recovery Facilities: Impacts of Construction and Operations

journal · 2019

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about construction phase impacts significantly influence the environmental footprint of small water resource recovery facilities?
When designing water resource recovery facilities, especially smaller ones, conduct a full life cycle assessment that gives significant weight to the construction phase's environmental impact, not just the operational phase. Evidence: Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (2019).
Why does "Construction phase impacts significantly influence the environmental footprint of small water resource recovery facilities." matter for design?
Designers and engineers involved in infrastructure projects, particularly those for smaller communities, need to recognize that the initial construction phase is not a minor contributor to environmental impact. A holistic assessment, encompassing both build and operation, is crucial for developing truly sustainable solutions.
How can designers apply this research?
When designing water resource recovery facilities, especially smaller ones, conduct a full life cycle assessment that gives significant weight to the construction phase's environmental impact, not just the operational phase.
What were the main findings?
Both construction and operational phases contribute significantly to the overall environmental burden of small WRRFs, often exceeding 5% in many impact categories.. Variability in environmental profiles is influenced by operational energy, construction materials, and facility overdesign.. Overdesigned facilities tend to have higher environmental impacts due to increased operational energy use and/or excessive infrastructure.
What research method was used?
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with 12 facilities.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2019 journal from Lincoln (University of Nebraska).
What should I do differently in my next project?
For any new infrastructure design project, especially those with a significant physical footprint, perform a comparative LCA of different material choices and construction methods to identify the most environmentally sustainable option.
What are the limitations?
The study focused on mechanical WRRFs in Nebraska, which may limit the generalizability of findings to facilities with different technologies or in different geographical regions.