Short answer

Shift design focus from selling units to providing a service, ensuring products are built for multiple use cycles and easy end-of-life processing.

Field
Sustainability
Source
Academic Publication (2019)
Method
Case study analysis
Evidence
Strong effect

By leasing washing machines and managing their entire lifecycle, companies can ensure higher resource efficiency and reduced waste compared to traditional ownership models. This sustainability research insight is drawn from a 2019 study published in Academic Publication. Using Case study analysis, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: Shift design focus from selling units to providing a service, ensuring products are built for multiple use cycles and easy end-of-life processing.

Study
SustainabilityHigh ImpactStrong effect

Product-Service Systems (PSS) can significantly reduce environmental impact by shifting focus from ownership to function.

By leasing washing machines and managing their entire lifecycle, companies can ensure higher resource efficiency and reduced waste compared to traditional ownership models.

Academic Publication · 2019

01

Key Findings

  • 01PSS models incentivize manufacturers to design for durability and repairability.
  • 02Leasing models facilitate the implementation of refurbishment, reuse, and recycling processes.
  • 03IoT technology can monitor product usage and support lifecycle management.
  • 04Partnerships with high-quality manufacturers (e.g., Miele) enhance material recovery potential.
02

Application

Design takeaway

Shift design focus from selling units to providing a service, ensuring products are built for multiple use cycles and easy end-of-life processing.

How to apply

Consider offering products as a service, integrating features that facilitate maintenance, refurbishment, and eventual material recovery.

Project actions

  • 01Investigate existing Product-Service Systems in other industries.
  • 02Consider the lifecycle of your designed product from the outset.
03

Method & Evidence

AimHow can Product-Service Systems (PSS) be designed to promote resource efficiency and reduce environmental impact in the home appliance sector?
MethodCase study analysis
ProcedureThe research examines the business model of Bundles, a company that leases washing machines, focusing on their strategies for product longevity, refurbishment, reuse, and material recovery.
ContextHome appliance leasing and Product-Service Systems (PSS)

Variables

IVBusiness model (Ownership vs. PSS)
DVResource efficiency, waste reduction, product lifespan
CVProduct type (home appliances), manufacturer quality
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Provides a real-world example of a PSS in action.
  • +Highlights the role of technology in supporting sustainable business models.

Limitations

The study focuses on a specific company and product type, so generalizability to all products and markets may be limited.

Reliability & validity

The findings are based on a case study, which provides in-depth insights but may have limited generalizability. The study relies on the reported practices of Bundles and Miele.

Think critically

To what extent can the success of PSS models be replicated across diverse product categories and consumer markets?

05

Design Principles

"Design for Disassembly and Reuse within a Service Economy."

This approach encourages the design of durable, repairable, and recyclable products, as the manufacturer retains ownership and responsibility. It aligns business incentives with environmental goals, promoting a circular economy.

06

What This Means for Your Design

Instead of selling a washing machine, a company can rent it out and be responsible for fixing it. This encourages them to make the machine last longer and be easier to repair or recycle, which is better for the environment.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference this study when exploring alternative business models for your design project that promote sustainability.
  • 2.Use it to justify designing for longevity and repairability.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

The concept of Product-Service Systems (PSS) offers a compelling framework for achieving greater sustainability in product design and consumption. As demonstrated by companies like Bundles, shifting from product ownership to service provision incentivizes manufacturers to design for enhanced durability, repairability, and end-of-life recovery, thereby reducing waste and resource depletion. This approach aligns business objectives with environmental stewardship, fostering a more circular economy.

09

Source

Academic Publication

Designing a washing machine for the service economy

journal · 2019

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about product-service systems (pss) can significantly reduce environmental impact by shifting focus from ownership to function?
Shift design focus from selling units to providing a service, ensuring products are built for multiple use cycles and easy end-of-life processing. Evidence: Academic Publication (2019).
Why does "Product-Service Systems (PSS) can significantly reduce environmental impact by shifting focus from ownership to function." matter for design?
This approach encourages the design of durable, repairable, and recyclable products, as the manufacturer retains ownership and responsibility. It aligns business incentives with environmental goals, promoting a circular economy.
How can designers apply this research?
Shift design focus from selling units to providing a service, ensuring products are built for multiple use cycles and easy end-of-life processing.
What were the main findings?
PSS models incentivize manufacturers to design for durability and repairability.. Leasing models facilitate the implementation of refurbishment, reuse, and recycling processes.. IoT technology can monitor product usage and support lifecycle management.. Partnerships with high-quality manufacturers (e.g., Miele) enhance material recovery potential.
What research method was used?
Case study analysis.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Strong effect, based on a 2019 journal from Academic Publication.
What should I do differently in my next project?
Consider offering products as a service, integrating features that facilitate maintenance, refurbishment, and eventual material recovery.
What are the limitations?
The success of this model is dependent on consumer acceptance of leasing over ownership and the logistical complexities of managing a large fleet of leased products.