Study
Human FactorsRecentModerate effect

Health and Fitness Tech Can Negatively Impact User Well-being

While designed to improve health, self-service technologies like fitness apps and wearables can lead to adverse psychological and physiological effects for users.

Journal of Public Policy & Marketing · 2023

01

Key Findings

  • 01Health and fitness self-service technologies can lead to negative outcomes for user well-being.
  • 02There are significant research gaps in understanding the 'dark side' of these technologies.
02

Application

Design takeaway

When designing health and fitness technologies, prioritize user psychological well-being and implement features that prevent potential harm, rather than solely focusing on data collection and performance metrics.

How to apply

When designing a fitness app or wearable, consider features that promote positive self-perception and avoid triggering anxiety or obsessive behaviors related to health data.

Project actions

  • 01If designing a health-related product, research potential psychological impacts on users.
  • 02Consider user testing scenarios that explore emotional responses, not just functional usability.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo systematically review and analyze the existing literature on the negative consequences of health and fitness-related self-service technologies on consumer well-being.
MethodSystematic Literature Review
ProcedureThe authors identified and reviewed existing research from various disciplinary backgrounds concerning the adverse consequences of using health and fitness apps and wearable devices on consumer well-being. They developed a conceptual framework to explain these relationships and identified research gaps.
ContextHealth and Fitness Technology

Variables

IVUse of health and fitness self-service technologies (e.g., apps, wearables).
DVUser well-being (psychological, emotional, physiological).
CVType of technology, specific features, user demographics, pre-existing mental health conditions.
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Provides a comprehensive overview of existing research.
  • +Identifies clear areas for future research.

Limitations

The scope of 'well-being' can be subjective and difficult to measure comprehensively. Individual user responses to technology can vary greatly.

Reliability & validity

The systematic review methodology enhances reliability by ensuring a thorough and reproducible search and analysis of literature. Validity is supported by drawing conclusions from a broad range of studies across disciplines, though the subjective nature of 'well-being' can introduce challenges to definitive validity.

Think critically

To what extent should designers be held responsible for the psychological well-being of users when their products are intended for self-improvement?

05

Design Principles

"Technology design should proactively address potential negative psychological impacts on users."

This insight highlights the critical importance of considering the psychological and physiological impacts of technology design. design students must understand that user well-being extends beyond basic functionality to encompass mental and emotional states, influencing the ethical considerations in design.

06

What This Means for Your Design

Fitness apps and trackers can sometimes make people feel worse, not better, and designers need to be careful about this.

How to use in your project

  • 1.Use this insight to justify the inclusion of specific features aimed at promoting positive mental health or mitigating anxiety in your design proposal.
  • 2.In your analysis, discuss how your design addresses potential 'dark side' effects identified in this research.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

(2023). The “Dark Side” of General Health and Fitness-Related Self-Service Technologies: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231224731 Retrieved from https://designdex.org/study/f0404199-b552-40ca-9ced-f2936ee55677/health-and-fitness-tech-can-negatively-impact-user-well-being

Paragraph starter

This research highlights a critical aspect of human-computer interaction: the potential for health and fitness technologies to negatively impact user well-being. As identified by Chen et al. (2023), the 'dark side' of these self-service technologies, such as fitness apps and wearable trackers, can lead to adverse psychological outcomes. Therefore, in the design of [Your Product Name], careful consideration has been given to mitigate these risks by implementing features that promote positive user experiences and avoid inducing anxiety or obsessive behaviors related to health data.

09

Source

Journal of Public Policy & Marketing

The “Dark Side” of General Health and Fitness-Related Self-Service Technologies: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research

journal · 2023

View source

Questions about this research

What does the research say about health and fitness tech can negatively impact user well-being?
When designing health and fitness technologies, prioritize user psychological well-being and implement features that prevent potential harm, rather than solely focusing on data collection and performance metrics. Evidence: Journal of Public Policy & Marketing (2023).
Why does "Health and Fitness Tech Can Negatively Impact User Well-being" matter for design?
This insight highlights the critical importance of considering the psychological and physiological impacts of technology design. IB DT students must understand that user well-being extends beyond basic functionality to encompass mental and emotional states, influencing the ethical considerations in design.
How can designers apply this research?
When designing health and fitness technologies, prioritize user psychological well-being and implement features that prevent potential harm, rather than solely focusing on data collection and performance metrics.
What were the main findings?
Health and fitness self-service technologies can lead to negative outcomes for user well-being.. There are significant research gaps in understanding the 'dark side' of these technologies.
What research method was used?
Systematic Literature Review.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2023 journal from Journal of Public Policy & Marketing.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When designing a fitness app or wearable, consider features that promote positive self-perception and avoid triggering anxiety or obsessive behaviors related to health data.
What are the limitations?
The review focuses on existing literature, and the 'dark side' effects might be context-dependent and vary across different user groups and technologies.
Is there evidence that health fitness affects design outcomes?
Despite their popularity, health and fitness apps and wearables can have detrimental effects on users' mental and emotional states, and more research is needed to fully understand these risks. This insight highlights the critical importance of considering the psychological and physiological impacts of technology design Source: Journal of Public Policy & Marketing (2023).
Where does this user well-being research apply?
Health and Fitness Technology It sits within human factors research on designdex.org.

Related research topics

health fitness design research · evidence on health fitness · does health fitness improve design outcomes · user well-being studies for designers · health fitness and user well-being findings · human factors research evidence