Short answer

When discussing or implementing BIM, explicitly define whether you are referring to the digital model itself, the process of creating and managing it, or the overarching system it enables.

Field
Innovation & Design
Source
Preprints.org (2023)
Method
Literature Review
Evidence
Moderate effect

The lack of a singular, universally accepted definition for Building Information Modelling (BIM) highlights its multifaceted nature, encompassing aspects of a product, a process, and a system. This innovation & design research insight is drawn from a 2023 study published in Preprints.org. Using Literature review, researchers explored how this design variable affects real-world outcomes. The key design takeaway: When discussing or implementing BIM, explicitly define whether you are referring to the digital model itself, the process of creating and managing it, or the overarching system it enables.

Study
Innovation & DesignRecentModerate effect

Building Information Modelling (BIM) Definitions: A Spectrum from Product to Process

The lack of a singular, universally accepted definition for Building Information Modelling (BIM) highlights its multifaceted nature, encompassing aspects of a product, a process, and a system.

Preprints.org · 2023

01

Key Findings

  • 01BIM is understood as an activity, a product, or a system.
  • 02Six key attributes characterize BIM across different definitions.
  • 03The understanding of BIM has evolved over time, leading to varied interpretations.
02

Application

Design takeaway

When discussing or implementing BIM, explicitly define whether you are referring to the digital model itself, the process of creating and managing it, or the overarching system it enables.

How to apply

When initiating a new design project that involves BIM, dedicate time to a workshop or discussion to establish a common definition and scope for its use among all team members.

Project actions

  • 01When defining BIM for your project, be specific about which aspect you are focusing on.
  • 02Consider how different interpretations of BIM might affect your design choices or workflow.
03

Method & Evidence

AimTo explore and categorize the various definitions of Building Information Modelling (BIM) to foster a clearer understanding and facilitate consensus.
MethodLiterature Review
ProcedureA comprehensive review of academic literature and industry standards was conducted to identify and analyze existing definitions of BIM, categorizing them based on their core attributes and evolutionary perspectives.
ContextBuilding Information Modelling (BIM) in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry.

Variables

IVDefinition of BIM (e.g., product-centric, process-centric, system-centric)
DVUnderstanding and application of BIM in design practice
CVIndustry sector, project complexity, team experience with BIM
04

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths

  • +Provides a structured overview of BIM definitions.
  • +Identifies key attributes that underpin BIM.

Limitations

It can be challenging to find a single, universally agreed-upon definition of BIM that fits all project types and scales.

Reliability & validity

The reliability of the findings depends on the comprehensiveness of the literature review and the consistency in categorizing definitions. Validity is supported by drawing from established academic discourse and industry standards.

Think critically

Given the lack of a single definition, how can designers ensure consistent and effective implementation of BIM across diverse project teams and organizational structures?

05

Design Principles

"Define scope and terminology clearly to ensure shared understanding in collaborative design environments."

Understanding the diverse interpretations of BIM is crucial for effective implementation and communication within design and construction projects. This ambiguity can lead to misaligned expectations, integration challenges, and varied adoption rates across different stakeholders.

06

What This Means for Your Design

Think of BIM like 'smart building data'. People call it different things: sometimes it's just the digital model (the 'product'), sometimes it's how you make and use the model (the 'process'), and sometimes it's the whole system for managing building information (the 'system').

How to use in your project

  • 1.Reference the varied definitions of BIM when justifying your project's approach to digital modelling or information management.
  • 2.Use this insight to explain why you chose a particular BIM software or workflow, linking it to a specific definition.
07

Add to My Project

08

Quick Cite

Paragraph starter

The concept of Building Information Modelling (BIM) is subject to diverse interpretations within the design and construction fields, ranging from a specific digital product to a comprehensive process or system. This research highlights the importance of clearly defining the scope and nature of BIM being utilized in a design project to ensure alignment among stakeholders and optimize its application.

09

Source

Preprints.org

A Literature Review of BIM Definitions: Narrow and Broad Views

journal · 2023

View source

Questions About This Research

What does the research say about building information modelling (bim) definitions: a spectrum from product to process?
When discussing or implementing BIM, explicitly define whether you are referring to the digital model itself, the process of creating and managing it, or the overarching system it enables. Evidence: Preprints.org (2023).
Why does "Building Information Modelling (BIM) Definitions: A Spectrum from Product to Process" matter for design?
Understanding the diverse interpretations of BIM is crucial for effective implementation and communication within design and construction projects. This ambiguity can lead to misaligned expectations, integration challenges, and varied adoption rates across different stakeholders.
How can designers apply this research?
When discussing or implementing BIM, explicitly define whether you are referring to the digital model itself, the process of creating and managing it, or the overarching system it enables.
What were the main findings?
BIM is understood as an activity, a product, or a system.. Six key attributes characterize BIM across different definitions.. The understanding of BIM has evolved over time, leading to varied interpretations.
What research method was used?
Literature Review.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence strength is rated Moderate effect, based on a 2023 journal from Preprints.org.
What should I do differently in my next project?
When initiating a new design project that involves BIM, dedicate time to a workshop or discussion to establish a common definition and scope for its use among all team members.
What are the limitations?
The review may not capture every emerging definition or niche interpretation of BIM.